Healthy Eating and Obesity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Healthy Eating and Obesity - Assignment ExampleAfter overcoming difficulties and succeeding in juice exuberanting, the teller also undertook the task to help an American driver he met during his trip. The message conveyed in the video includes the necessity to plan ones diet including right returns into it. Moreover, if people were aware of the properties of the products they extinguish daily and the rules of how to plan their nutrient budget, the problem wouldnt be so disturbing. At the same time, the narrator conveys the message based on his own experience if one wants to be healthier and get discharge of the weight that causes discomfort and health issues, it only takes motivation and time.2. The documentary under consideration deals with extremely applicable social phenomena of nowadays increasing level of obesity and health problems caused by abnormal eating habits and what goes deliberate in hand with these two necessity to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Nowadays people exchangeable to the man in the video confuse priorities placing wealth and many other aspects higher than health, although health is the particular value we all have and any further achievements are possible even if this one is present. tumid eating including junk food addiction and the sedentary lifestyle increase the threat of various diseases tuition and obesity. As it was illustrated in the movie, the obesity level growth has already overrun the borders of the U.S. (which is virtually the homeland of fast food) and spread on Australia. That is why people gradually start thinking about this problem and fetching measures either to fight or to prevent it.3. The problem under consideration is, in fact, a product of many societal forces including family, media, and culture. Family as an influential factor might act either positively or negatively as eating habits and priorities on the local level are formed by the family and select by a person in childhood.

The marketing strategy of Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The market outline of Apple - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that Apple Inc. is a international company based in the United States, which specializes in designing, development, and selling of electronics to consumers, including phones, music players, computers, and computer software. Apple ranks wink after Samsung, which is the most profitable information technology company in the world. Nonetheless, the success of Apple Inc. is associated with its marketing schema, which is considered effective. Apple employs a simple marketing strategy, which involves its consumers, thus giving the company an edge everyplace different companies in the information technology industry. However, if Apple could consider improving its marketing strategy, this would guarantee it more cabbage and continued competitiveness in the market. The marketing strategy of Apple is based on three master(prenominal) important factors. These are trust, communication, and focus. The c ompany believes that it is important to be clear on the information the company wants to slide down to consumers through advertisements. This, therefore, results in a focused communication with consumers. On trust, Apple aims at producing bore products, kinda of competing with other companies. The high quality of Apple products ensures customer loyalty. For this reason, Apple does not throw its products at consumers in its adverts instead, the company solely explains how the new product works, including the features that it possesses. (Nosal Web).Apart from the simplicity of the marketing strategy of Apple, this also exhibits a great level of differentiation. The company puts great efforts in ensuring that its products are highly differentiated from other products produced by its competitors. The design of Apples product is superior, compared to that of its competitors, thus ensuring its differentiation. In addition, Apple wants its consumers to adopt a adept recognise using i ts products. Therefore, the company develops both software and hardware to enable customers to enjoy using its products (Bui Web).Since the quality of Apple products is high, the company also sells these products at a higher price. Apple is known as a high-price leader in the information technology industry. However, today, Apple attempts to lower the price of its products, as a strategy of increasing its customer base. Alternatively, Apple produces complex products at a high price, and then produces lower-price versions of such products, which have fewer features, thus suiting the needs of diverse customers (Bui Web).With regard to dissemination Apple has a wide number of stores exceeding 300, with about 50 stores in California, where the company has its headquarters. The Apple staff in these distribution stores offer full service to customers. However, the staff is not trained on selling skills, but only on addressing customer problems and queries on how different products work (Bui Web).This marketing strategy for Apple is appropriate for the company, since it has worked on increasing the companys profits over the years. First, this marketing strategy does not base on beating or competing with competitors. However, Apple focuses solely on the design and nature of its products to have an edge over competitors. Apple does not compare itself with its competitors such as Microsoft, but instead focuses on its own self-improvement, to die hard competitive in the industry. In addition, the fact that the company aims at developing a pleasant experience for its customers, shows that the company is focused on customer needs and not its desire for profits, like other companies in the industry. Nonetheless, customer-centeredness is a great value, which Apple has adopted in its marketing strategy, which therefore, makes the strategy effective and agreeable.Although Apple has performed sanitary in the market for the past decades, today there are

Nothing has color, color is false truth Term Paper

Nothing has dissimulation, color is false truth - Term Paper ExampleThrough such introduction, our mind captures such breeding and is recoded in our minds, only to be retrieved later when the information is needed.The domain of colors on an object may be therefore an illusion as it does not exist in an object. In this thesis paper, a deeper examination is carried out on the validity of claiming that colors dont exist with an evaluation of numerous arguments on the same by means of past and current studies. Through numerous studies on colors, philosophers have argued on the existence of colors in an object, especially on skeptics of color on whether it exist or not. In my view, through what we learn about colors, an interpretation of the same is usually reflected immediately we the object associated with color. In the case of a tomato as discussed by Charles Landesman, the color red is used as a sample to explain on the assumption we bleed to have color. To our understanding, we even anticipate on what we expect to see through our assumptions on what color is associated with which object. In this case, the belief that tomatoes are red is skeptical as this can be criticized through the understanding our mind on the reason to which tomatoes may lack a color to be associated with (Werner p.215).Through the use of biological science, numerous scientific explanations can be used to explain the reasons we tend to perceive, that tomatoes are red in color. Similarly, there are several cases where our brain tends to give feedback that is direct to what we requirement to see. In most cases, this is based on the argument that when we set our minds in particular manner, we tend to beget a similar interpretation of an object.In regards to a tomato being red, the chemical reactions of an object and the chiding of light may give a different meaning of an object. The majority of people may educe on what they want to see, rather than the reality of an object. We tend to perceive things through our past experiences, especially on what has

INLAND TRANSPORTATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

upcountry TRANSPORTATION - Essay ExampleHerne Organics will also have a distribution pattern that is resolute by the proximity of the respective clients. Shifts for deliveries will be organised around this concept. Lastly, a distribute of bet on will be needed in terms of the trained drivers, efficient mechanics and experience in supply chain management.The latter essay is an examination of the transport options gettable to a company that specializes in organic vegetables and salads. This business was initially a small one, however, following re-investment and expansion in the sector, the company today focuses on production of organic products. There is a need to look at some of the avenues available to the company in terms of vehicle pass off management. Additionally, financial and operational challenges will be examined with harsh adherence to the UK vehicle and operator serve agencys rules and regulations.Herne Organics has the option of either outsourcing or admiting the ir fleet of vehicles for transportation. If the company chooses to outsource this business function, then it stands to benefit from the great experience that the transporting company will have. Since such experts have worked with so many other businesses, then they are likely to develop solutions that are intimately suited to this company. (Emp, 2007)If the company chooses to own its fleet of vehicles then they may have to dedicate a component of finance and time towards running this fleet. By outsourcing, the Kent Limited will be spared from this hustle and bustle.Outsourcing also, transfers some of the risks that come out out of owning ones fleet. This is usually because of the need to maintain an operational lease. Additionally, vehicles require a lot of maintenance and this eats onto the companys profits. By outsourcing, the company can eradicate this issue.If the company opts to own its fleet of vehicles, it would have

HR Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HR Management - analyze ExampleAs such, this invention is beneficial to the agreement in terms of accurately identifying the interests that need to be addressed and give the direction and assistance needed from HR towards improving the value and image of the organization.The self-made implementation of policies and procedures of any organization depends on the organizations ability to adhere to standards and regulations imposed by government agencies and other relevant institutions that govern its operations. For HR, since the department is tasked with administering the responsibilities of various employees, it is expected to adhere to various restrictive issues and laws from the Department of Labor and compliance to OSHA requirements. This is valuable in terms of adhering to legal, moral and ethical standards expected from the art and as expected by various stakeholders. The organizations compliance to these regulatory requirements are life-or-death in ensuring smooth impleme ntation of policies, procedures and strategies towards the accomplishment of goals.Workforce demographics indicate the relevant information pertinent to the employees scope age, educational background, gender, previous work experiences, status, skills and competencies, among others. A comprehensive and updated collection of this particular information in an organizations HR database is needed to identify strategies that would influence and affect other decisions regarding staffing, maintenance and development of personnel. This concept is therefore important to business practitioners to determine current information in the workforce that could potentially feign present and future strategies.As revealed, keeping one customer is more profitable than attracting a new customer (Ppt 2 Herbold, Almansori, Aldaeri 10). It is therefore in the best interest of the organization and of HR practitioners to focus on enhancing customer service to accurately identify their needs

Copy right issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Copy amend issues - Assignment ExampleAfter this period, the teacher can only example it after a pass has been obtained for its permanent inclusion into the teaching curriculum.When a teacher buys a CD and installs the interactive math packet in all the computers in the classroom, it is a violation of copyrights. This is because software are also protected by the federal copyright laws, and educational facilities are not exempted. Installing the software in three disparate computers is the same as making duplicate copies of the product (CNI, 2014). Title 17 of the US Code all the way spells out that it is not legal to make duplicated copies without the consent of the copy right holder. Section 117 only gives permission for making backup copies. This implies that the teacher has violated the copy right laws (CNI, 2014).In this case, the student would not be violating copy right laws. This is due to the exception given to education facilities and scholars to use copyrighted mate rials without the permission of the possessor under the Fair Use provision (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013). This provision requires that the amount and the substantiality of the section utilise amounts to smoothing, which is taken to be fair in relation to the white piece. Since the student has decided to only use the soundtrack, which is a small quantity of the work in his academic work, it has no significant effect on the entire product (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013). As such, no law has been violated.a. Yes, the teacher can distribute the pictures in word documents for the students. Display of visual images in a classroom is governed by the US Copyright Law, as well as the TEACH Act. Section 110(1) allows the use of the images for educational purposes, including through electronic courseware (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2013).b. This exit depend on whether the teacher has received permission and license from the copyright holder.

The Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The mesh - hear ExampleThe stuffy modes of communication have been replaced by faster and more accessible forms of communication due(p) to the invention of the net profit. 2. Background of Internet World Wide Web Consortium 3 provided the information that the musical theme of the invention of internet can be placed in the year 1970 when the American Defense authorisation was assigned with the project of connecting four computers with each other over phone lines. The main purpose of this tendency was to enable the researchers to share information with each other. Later in 1990, Tim Berners downwind was designated with the task of developing a mechanism for CERN in Switzerland that would enable the researchers to access files and search relevant information 2. Finally in 1994, Tim Berners Lee invented the standards that take ind to form the basis of internet- URL, HTTP and HTML. World Wide Web Consortium 3 stated that the conclave of these three standards created the conce pt of the World Wide Web. The power of these standards can be evaluated from the fact that the invention is wide accepted even after decades of its inception. 3. Benefits of Internet New modes of communication have been invented due to the integration of internet in the lives of individuals. Electronic mail (Email) enables the internet exploiters to send and receive messages from whatsoever other internet user in the world. It has provided an effective, fast and reliable mode of sending messages to people which is not dependent on the geographical location of the participants. The users can receive emails wherever they are, as long as internet access is available. The conventional charges of sending messages through the postal system, was dependent on the geographical location of the receiving system, whereas, email is sent to any recipient in the world without any charge. Emails are sent instantly across the internet to the recipients email address with almost 100% reliability rate, unless there are no network problems nor the receiving inbox is full. Files can be sent as attachments in emails that prove to be an effective manner of exchanging data with peers and colleagues. Other modes of fast-paced online communications include instant messaging, video chats, voice chats etc. Earlier, students and researchers had to make uncountable trips to the libraries and universities to accumulate information for their researches. The advent of internet has provided the internet users with an ocean of knowledge about every field of life. Internet has benefitted the field of research to a great degree since all the information lies only few clicks off from the internet user. The dispersion of the information in the form of books and journals has been collected on the World Wide Web. substance abuser can search the most relevant information for his domain of interest within mere seconds, earlier than reading through hundreds of pages. News can be disseminated on a n immediate basis and become a part of the ocean of information on the web. In the modern world, news is made available on the web rather than making people wait for the morning paper to arrive. E-learning is an innovative concept for the internet users since it provides the students with the power to attend their class lectures from the vicinity of their choice and follow the proceedings of

Learning knowledge and effective performance Essay

Learning knowledge and effective performance - judge ExampleInvestment is learning is made possible through develop and festering of individuals and it is quintessential to mail such strengths so that the employees could manifest their truest selves inwardly the nominateplace settings. On the same token, it is also important that organizations put across the employees a choosing policy so that they could opt for the courses which they think are essential for their future training and development needs. However some studies could be made mandatory so that all the employees make sure that they share it for their own betterment. Indeed the organizational regimes would benefit in the long run and this is an important consideration for the make it management, who is alship canal enacting policies to suit the needs of the employees at the workplace. This paper takes a keen look at the ways and means through which training and development has assisted the learning quotient and the methods which are deemed as significant in such activities are also touched upon in meticulous.As an HRD advisor, it would be my duty to properly array the training and development activities under those methods which bring out the best value. This value is measured through the lotion of training and development activities towards the employees. The long term benefits are envisaged and the same are manifested in a dash which is close to their tasks and processes that they undertake at the workplace. Learning has taken the front seat in most organizations because the chair management understands its due role and thus gives the best possible mechanism for learning to develop within the workplace settings. Learning is deemed as essential as it outlines the strengths within the processes that are held under the aegis of training and development activities (Kraiger 2002). As an HRD advisor, it is of utmost concern to me that I lay the basis for properly attuning the salient aspects w hich work alongside the

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 24

Case field of force ExampleThe attach to supplier power is larger in its international operations than in national business transactions. In the U.S. the supplier power is concentrated in three companies that have the three largest commercialize shares. The material that changed the industry and cannibalized the soft drink can industry is aluminum.The threat of new entrants can be categorized as medium low. The industry is controlled by five companies that have a combined 61% share in the U.S. (Bradley). The rest of the marketplace is served by over 100 independent companies. Due to the towering value of the market which is worth over $12.2 billion there are always going to be entrepreneurs interested in penetrating the market. This industry is capital intensive and requires a high investment in machinery and equipment to set up an operation. Engineering knowledge is imperative for the success of a company. Since there are a few hundreds players in this industry another entrant could successfully penetrate even though the human race of high barriers of entry.The Buyer power of Crown Cork & Seal is medium high. The company currently has a market share of 7%. In 1989 the company produced 120,795 million cans. Its buyer power is higher in the international arena than in the United States. One of the competitive advantages the company enjoys is lower direct push back costs due to cheaper labor prices overseas. The company has the capability to achieve economies of scales in the purchase of raw materials such(prenominal) as plastic, steel, and aluminum. Economies of scale enable companies to lower the cost of buying materials.The threat of substitutes in the industry is medium. In regards to the sale of soft drinks can the majority of manufacturers utilize aluminum. In terms of packaging the biggest threat to admixture packaging is plastic. Plastic is a petroleum derivative. The utilization of research and development allows companies to bring innovation to the industry. The company has a passive strategy in its

Children's views, needs, wishes and feelings are at the heart of Essay

Childrens views, needs, wishes and feelings atomic number 18 at the heart of national principle and transnational agreements and convent - Essay ExampleFrom such international law, the Convention on the Rights of the Child has been specifically drawn. The capital of Austria Declaration and Programme of Action also provide various legal guidelines on the protection of childrens rights and welfargon. For various states, specific provisions are laid out, including the Equal Protection Clause in the US, the base rights of children as protected by the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution. More provisions on the protection of these rights are also specifically indicated by various countries. These laws and policies seek to protect children from human rights violations, treating these children as vulnerable members of society. This root word is based on the premise that childrens views, needs, wishes and feelings are at the heart of national legislation and international agreements an d conventions. In relation to current policy, this quiz shall critically discuss the implications of such premise for early days practice among children. First, an initial overview of childhood needs, views, and feelings in relation to national laws and conventions will be presented. Secondly, a handling on childrens human rights as guaranteed by the UN and other legislative bodies shall also be presented. Thirdly, this essay will also provide the considerations made for childrens feelings and needs in relation to the specific laws and conventions. Fourth, the No Child Left behind Policy of the US will also be discussed in decree to detect current trends in childrens rights policies. Fifth, a relationship between the NCLB and the international conventions will be considered. Sixth, the impact of these laws on the improvement of childrens welfare shall be presented. Finally, this essay shall end with a heavyset and a conclusion of the different points discussed and detailed. Bod y Overview of childhood needs and feelings Childrens feelings and needs have been brought sharp into international focus and attention during the First World War when millions of children experienced significant hardships as a result of international human conflicts (Fortin, 2003). In effect, the sufferings of these children served as the foundation for childrens rights. Eglantyne Jebb had a crucial lineament in the establishment of the 1924 Declaration of the Rights of the Child (Glendon, 2002). These rights were primarily based on her Christian faith (Glendon, 2002). The foundations of childrens rights then were on the protection and nurturing of the child, securing their moral privileges including their need for love and understanding (Fortin, 2003). Various rights are allow to humans, especially as soon as they reach the age of majority. One of the most important rights given(p) to these humans include the right to vote however, children or minors below the age of 18 are not granted this right. In general, children do not seem to have control of the things which happen to them or the matters which concern them (Fortin, 2003). This is very much apparent in daily situations and activities including school, religion, and upbringing. School subjects are compulsory for them to catch and study, mostly based on their location moreover, for most children until the age of 14, their religion must be that which is genic from their parents (Fortin, 2003). Parents decide,

Sumerize the article, agree or disagree with the author, and react to Essay

Sumerize the article, agree or disaccord with the source, and react to the video - Essay ExampleEven though assorted erotica in different countries use food and kitchen to relay their messages, some of them fall out of agree handst with the feminist perspective. Ironically, women develop almost of these, yet some of them seem to be not aligned with the feminism expectations. This is primarily because of the way such(prenominal) literature bluntly portray women as sex objects. For instance, some erotica written for both men and women will portray women as an edible dessert after dinner. Their bodies shown covered with champagne or cream. to the highest degree feminists therefore find it hard to find the validity in the assumption that women equal food, as this in itself is belittling to the womenfolk. Feminists can also not make anything out of literature that portrays women negatively. Apart from being portray as objects in erotica literature, some literature has portrayed wome n as voracious eaters. This negative show of women is not acceptable in the feminist sphere. The author compares and contrasts a variety of Hispanic erotic literature, which bears level-headed culinary eroticism, in order to bring out the different portrayal and theatrical of women in the literature. ... In this literature, Esquivel portrays cooking as a process through which women discover, empower, and redefine themselves. Maite, in this article also addresses the digression between table narratives and kitchen tales. The author argues that in table narratives, there is a more positive representation of women as compared to the kitchen tales. The author once more employs the example of a table narrative namely, Aphrodite. A history of the Senses, to justify this claim. Here, women sitting at tables are portrayed as powerful and influential. Unlike most kitchen tales, in table narratives, women are not presented as food for satisfaction of mens sexual hunger, incomplete are the y shown as nurturing machines that live in the kitchen, with their lives revolving around cooking. This is because today, the kitchen is thought of as a marginalized area, which contributes to the insubordination of women, who go away less powerful than men in society, by restricting them from the public sphere. In this article, the author achieves the study quite clearly by comparing and contrasting as much literature on this matter as possible. What comes out clear is the relationship between women, kitchen, food, and cooking. All these aspects have a psychological connotation, which serves to ascertain the level of women empowerment in society. Additionally, various social evils directed toward women can be traced to these elements in society. The author of this article is right on point in describing the symbolisms in the culinary Eros in coeval female fiction. I agree with the author and to great lengths echo the sentiments in this article. The author has widely utilize a variety of female literature to back the argument in the

Ethics, values, and morals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethics, quantifys, and morals - Essay ExampleFor Rands line of reasoning, if unmatched is to follow his or her hierarchy of values, then there would be no chance to lose integritys self-importance-esteem by saving anything of lesser value or helping ones neighbor. Even love was merely defined as validation of loving ones self as an expression and assertion of self-esteem, a response to ones own values in the person of another(prenominal). For Rand, charity does not exist because one should only act in accordance to ones self-interest which personally thinks to be wrong. In fact, true benevolence or act of charity or goodwill is being destroyed by altruism because it indoctrinated men that to value another which is just a license to sacrifice oneself and that love, respect or esteem held for other people is not a start of ones enjoyment.Rand did not differentiate altruism whether it is ideal or reciprocal. For Rand, altruism by itself makes the doer suffer the consequence of lac k of self-esteem and lack of respect for others. To quote Rand on this, she elaborated that many a(prenominal) well-meaning, reasonable men do not know how to identify or conceptualize the moral principles that strike their love, affection or good will, and can find no guidance in the field of ethics, which is rule by the stale platitudes of altruism. In effect, Rand is implying man cannot distinguish what really altruism because its platitudes are unrecognizable. Rather, she made a sweeping generalization that altruism whether ideal or reciprocal reduces man to a beggar and that the bestower in fact lacks self-esteem. She describes altruism as an act of betrayal of ones values because it demands the forfeit of a greater value for the sake of lesser or non-value which is not consistent to the ideal propulsion of acting according to the hierarchy of ones values, that is, never to sacrifice a greater value to a lesser value. This hierarchy of values is

Logistics---answer the 6 questions within similar words count Essay

Logistics---answer the 6 questions within similar words count - Essay ExampleThe services of publish chain and logistic ensure customers expectations fulfilled. Total role management therefore, ensures that supply chain and logistic supply quality products and services to the final consumers. Through total quality management, services of supply chain and logistics atomic number 18 of high quality. In addition, the employees of an judicature are able to cooperate with the supply chain and logistic organization through the total quality management.Total quality management improves the quality of products. This is because through total quality management defects reduced, employees become ware of their functions in an organization and they work towards achieving organizational goals of maintaining high quality. Problem upshot also become easier because employees work to ruleher towards achieving organizational goals, through total quality management techniques, customers desexuali se satisfaction from the products produced. Production costs also reduced because employees avoid defects and waste therefore, there is no mode for mistakes during production.Quality circles are organizational groups of employees and supervisors who gather to recognize, assess and find solutions to process and quality problems. Quality circles drop the advantage of promoting teamwork in an organization. The idea of team spirit enhanced, and organizational conflicts eliminated. Quality circles employee also work with a positive attitude therefore, improving the quality. In addition, personality advancement also enhanced. This is because though the circle employees get to learn new skills and the hidden abilities of employees revealed. The working environment also enhanced employees included in the ending making of the organization in all stages. Productivity enhanced quality products produced, as a result in addition costs also reduced. In a company such as Kentucky heat up

Racial Prejudice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Racial preconceived idea - Essay ExampleA stereotype is an exaggerated belief, image or distorted truth intimately a person or conference a generalisation that allows for little or no idiosyncratic differences or social variation. Stereotypes ar based on images in mass media, or reputations passed on by p bents, peers and other members of society.Prejudices are often accompanied by ignorance, fear or hatred. Prejudices are formed by a complex psychological process that begins with attachment to a close circle of acquaintances or an in-group much(prenominal) as a family. Prejudice is often aimed at out-groups.Discrimination is behaviour that treats people unequally because of their group memberships. Discriminatory behaviour, ranging from slights to hate crimes, often begins with negative stereotypes and prejudices.Though most people feel that they are non racist, almost everyone has some form of racist attitude. How could they not know it? Racism can be Explicit, where it is outward, soft recognisable, and generally acknowledged. The segregation and discrimination if the US South in the 1950s was a form of verbalized racism. It left little doubt that it existed and those that supported it did so openly.Racism whitethorn also be Implicit. These are the unconscious feelings we have and react to that result in prejudicial behaviour and discrimination without our conscious knowledge. We may get a sudden sense of fear if we board an aeroplane and see an Arab passenger aboard, or be fearful when we are followed by a young minority male at night. Our sub-conscious is reacting to the stereotypes that are ingrained in our mind. This is not a conscious rational decision to be prejudice, and the fears are unrealistic.The stereotypes and attitudes that seduce prejudice come from a variety of sources that we encounter everyday. They may come from our family, our friends, the workplace, the media, or a in the flesh(predicate) experience. They have in common the fa ct that they

Art History Term Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art History Term Paper - Essay ExampleThese 2 word pictures i.e. Picassos Woman with a Mandolin and Modiglianis Portrait of artists Wife there is an constituent(a) theme which implies that each person is subject to their own perception and same is the case with the artists i.e. they paint their subjects non as an objective reality rather as how they perceive them to be. For this reason, both these paintings diverge from the standard paintings of their times which focus more on the sitter and less on their own sense of perception on these paintings. Thus, the paper will aim at exploring various dimensions to add depth to the thesis predicated here.Firstly, the point of anxiety with reference to these two paintings is the composition style which depicts their sense of perception. The painting by Picasso i.e. Girl with a Mandolin is make up in his classic cubist style which he was employing vehemently during the era. The paintings depict the subject via successive squares employ as silhouette to give a distinctive touch to the painting. Though the composition style is simplistic, up to now perspective is added by using minimalistic elements yet keeping a balance between the colors, shape and however the form of the painting. Similarly, the painting of Modiglianis wife expresses modernity in modern style which is different from that of Picassos cubist one. He gives a sense of his own perception to him painting which may be characterized by elongated face and figures, also simple composition of his wifes persona with little elaborate in posture or expression. Therefore, a distinct character of the painter may be matte up in these painters, even more than the character of the sitters. Picassos painting shows depth and simplicity, while Modiglianis painting shows devotion and bohemianism, both being divergent from the composition styles of the popular artists. Both the paintings are similar in terms of composition when it comes to a thorough focus on shape s

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations EssayHome in todays inn can be described in many ways, but is ultimately expressed as more than of a whole steping of safety and cacoethes. Sonsyrea Tate claims You can leave dwelling office all you want, but stead bequeath never leave you. In essence, the livelinessing of inhabitancy is a part of the character and who he/she result become. In Charles Dickens Great Expectations, dissipate examines the true meaning of home and how the subjective opinion of home can reflect who a person becomes. He illustrates this idea using recurring appearances of home- give care symbols, the way flashs definition of home changes throughout the novel, and how he shows flogs acquired expressions after moving into high society. Throughout the novel strap experiences many obstacles and in these are constant symbols that hint at a sense of home that spot could be missing. When blister is in a frustrating situation he looks to where eitherthing first began which ends up being where he grew up- the mist over the marshes.This mist to wipe up could be to intimately people as their home, kitchen, or even office where they feel most allayable. He looks to the marshes for reassurance in what is sort out or wrong. He searches the marshes numerous times for what seems to be answers, once again, this mists were rising as attain walked away. If they disclosed him, as he suspected they did, he should never come back (286). When people are conf apply or frightened, they usually run to where they feel safest and can reassure themselves with what they retrieve is best. This place for many is home.Just as Mrs. Joe continuously reminds buck of how he needs to be burst, the marshes are a continuous reminder of where Pip should be. This could be shown to many as a feeling of homesickness, an emotion many can relate to. Whenever Pip has the moment to think, he ponders how he should reach out to Joe and his past reminding him again that he should be a round those who love him. As Pip sits and ponders to himself he thinks and liable to be taken out of those rooms where Pip sits thinking, and hanged at the Old Bailey door, that he had deserted Joe (324). in addition when Pip returns home a few times he feels upset and guilt-ridden because he knows difference was the wrong thing to do. At these times Pip tries to reconnect with the loved ones he deserted, such as doll and Joe, but over all his attempts still do non amount to the missing sense of home Pip has. All of these reminders the marshes, repeating thoughts, and guilty feelings all represent to Pip of symbols that remind him of home. As Pip is growing into a young man, home is more of a place than an emotion. Pip never rightfully feels completely welcome in the place where he is brought up.Mrs.Joes constant and repeating reminder of how Pip is more of a burden to her is made known as she says I didnt bring you up by hand to bagger peoples lives out. It would be a blame on to me, and not praise, if I had. , than a reward to her is evidence to Pip that to her he is several(prenominal)what deplorable. (12) Pip doesnt know of any opposite home besides the one with Mrs. Joe. Every person image of home has its differences, and the one Pip has at the moment isnt a real pleasant one. Which in the long run could be a factor contributing to why Pip did not really know what home felt want to begin with.In the beginning of the novel, Pips definition of home is very unwelcoming and dark considering who he is surrounded by. Pip explains how Mrs. Joe is abusive to him My sister made a dive at me and fished me up by the hair face nothing more than awful words and how her appearance isnt comforting as he describes her as with black hair and eyes, had such a prevailing redness of skin that I had sometimes used to wonder whether it was possible she washed herself with a nutmeg-grater instead of soap (10) (6).As Pip continues to grow and keep with his move to Lon don he never really has a permanent home, but more of nine-fold places he stays at for some time. Although, towards the end of the novel, the reader witnesses Joes sympathetic and loving character beam through to Pip. Joes character seems to hint to Pip of what a good home could feel like without for some time Pip entirely catching on to these hints. Pip eventually becomes more conscious of the feeling of home and being welcome when the symbols and thoughts come to his conscience.Thus representing his dramatic change and identification he comes to, home isnt characterized by the places one moves, but more by the feelings received from the people who draw off he/she feel most content and welcome. Since Pip encounters a large change in how he is placed in society, he begins to have mixed feelings towards the large alter. People are often blind by the possessions they want instead of possessions that ultimately mean something in the long run. Pips upbringing was greatly influence d by the strive to be better and the shame of where his family was originally placed in social standing.The actions of his sister and guardian, Mrs. Joe, reminding Pip about how he is a burden and the actions of Mr. Pumblechook lying about being affiliated with higher course provided to be recognized with more power because of his connections shine brightly to Pip making him think he is not good enough. Out of all of the people in Pips life it was his sisters husband, Joe, who believes in Pip and allows Pip to eventually complete what home is supposed to be. Joes representation as the father figure to Pip allows Pip to feel welcome.Sometimes in society the feeling of home doesnt have to be my parents or family, but can just be who makes or where you feel accepted. Pip feels safe around Joe but considering Pips upbringing telling him that he needs to be better embarrassment is shown by Pip more often than thankfulness for what Joe did for him. Pip goes throughout life with no actu al real home connection, but just a coming across of places. When Joe goes to visit Pip in London, the feeling of embarrassment Pip receives by Joes presence is recognized greatly and Joe identifies this.Joe says to Pip, You and me is not two figures to be together in London, nor anywheres else but what is private Diwisions among such must come (223). Joe forgiving Pip almost instantly for his actions of wanting to not be affiliated with Joe any longer, remind Pip that he will always be there, no matter what the circumstances. Which dear old Pip, old chap, you and me was every friends. And when youre well enough to go our for a ride-what larks (486). After these encounters with Joe in London, Pip finally starts to realize the monster he has turned into.Pip realizes Joe is the one who makes him feel accepted and welcome and begins to feel guilty for his repulsive actions towards Joe. As he thinks to himself, I would not have gone back to Joe now, I would not have gone back to Biddy now, for any consideration simply, I suppose, because my sense of my own worthless conduct to them was greater than every consideration. No wisdom on earth could have given me the comfort that I should have derived from their simplicity and fidelity but I could never, never, never, undo what I had done (324).At his turning point, Pip sees that beyond doubt what matters is being where you are accepted and acknowledged by ones who love you, not by where you stand in society. This realization is a parallel to what home represents. Pip realizes that with Joe is where he should be and where he feels most content with himself. This is the most significant recognition of the symbol of home Pip receives. Pip at this point begins to understand that home isnt a place, but a feeling or intuition. While Pip encounters many obstacles throughout his life, he finds his true self in his realization of what the meaning of home truly is to him.The constant appearance of home, the realization of the t rue definition of home, and the feelings Pip faces when he changes from lower to higher class. All teach the lesson that home becomes a part of a person, even if it takes some time to figure out what home really means. All people perceive the symbol of home and the feelings connected with it differently. How many different perceptions of home could there be? Do people ever not have a sense of home? Pips ultimate lesson turns out to be that to him home is not just a place, but a feeling existing within ones mind and heart. Often times this lesson is a turning point in many lives.

Environmental Issues Associated with Paints and Varnishes Essay Example for Free

Environmental Issues Associated with Paints and Varnishes EssayThe paint and coatings manufacturing pains is one of the major chemical processing industries. The major environmental impacts of paints and varnishes be concerning their content of solvents and other chemicals. thither is a need to encourage manufacturers to enforce less of these substances, and to ensure straight-laced environmental management passim the manufacturing process. Procurement of paints and varnishes is classified as having a high environmental profile and some risk of create world supply chains.Summary of Life Cycle RecordRaw MaterialUse Raw materials admit solvents, pigments, dyes, and other chemicals. In addition, other raw materials are used to thin oil-establish paints and stains or to clean up the residues left-hand(a) behind, much(prenominal) as turpentine and mineral spirits. about paints contain petroleum-based by products of the oil industryThe principal(prenominal) uses of paints and varnishes are for architectural use (e.g. DIY), industrial use and automotive use. VOCs may be released during use.Some paints plenty emit noxious gases such as toluene and xylene, which are known carcinogens.ManufactureWaste Management/Disposal The main components of the manufacture process are synthesis in a reactor, filtration, bl finishing with other additives and boxPaint related forsake is often categorised as hazardous (special waste) due to its chemical content. Waste Management/Disposal options includeRecycling IncinerationKey Impacts and Priority Mitigation MeasuresThe key impacts in relation to paints and varnishes are Raw materials are often non-renewable and squeeze out be based on oil solvents Solvent release, more specifically releases of VOCs to the atmosphere, which feed to ground-level ozone, global warming and some have specific health effects. (There are more VOCs in coloring than emulsion) Dyes and other chemicals used can also be harmful to health an d the environment. Wastewater and other solutions from wash drawing of brushes and other application devices might contain these pollutants. Energy is used during the processing stages.Packaging materials are liable(predicate) to contain traces of product / solvent residues, which can lead to direct release to the environment through evaporation. Some paints can emit noxious gases such as toluene and xylene, which are known carcinogens. In 1989 the area Health Organisations International Agency for Research on Cancer found that schoolmaster painters and decorators face a 40% increased chance of contracting cancer. Paint waste at end of life is classed as a hazardous (special) waste.Control Measures Raw Materials and Manufacture Implement a organise and independently verified Environmental Management System (EMS) such as ISO 14001 or EMAS. This will dish out the company use resources efficiently and prevent or minimise pollution. get a line systems are in sic to control loss and wastage of toxic ingredients, in limited solvent management plans. Avoidance of the use of dumb metals such as cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, mercury and arsenic and other substances where possible. Where possible replace toxic and persistent ingredients such as oil, solvents, chemicals and other hazardous substances with less toxic and more degradable ones. Particularly focus on displace solvent alternatives where possible.Control Measures Procurement Action Ensure suppliers selected have a high awareness of the strength environmental impacts and are taking the appropriate mitigation measures. Encourage suppliers to develop environmentally safer products and in particular minimise the use of solvents and other chemicals and minimise waste during processing. Avoid oil or solvent based paints where feasible.Be aware that some water thinnable paints contain more chemicals than the oil-based paints they are intended to replace. Select suppliers that can provide more info rmation regarding the specific raw materials they use, and also provide guidance on environmentally safe use and disposal (including packaging). To avoid wasteful use of paints and varnishes ensure the purchase of only the tot required for the job. Where feasible, select a supplier that will allow the return of toxic material packaging for reuse.Control Measures Use and Waste Management/Disposal Ensure employees are trained in actions to be taken in relation to waste minimisation, waste management and health and safety Ensure proper labelling and storage of toxic and hazardous materials in secure, bunded areas. Ensure user is trained in instructions for use including wearing of protective equipment such as facemasks, storage conditions (e.g. placing lids on containers when not in use) and cleaning of tools. Ensure adequate ventilation during application.Disclaimer This document is based on publicly available information and provides expound of the environmental impacts associated with paints and varnishes. It contains a description of most commonly used raw materials and the environmental impacts and by-products released. It should be famous that there might be some other commodity types and manufacturing processes not covered within this document.

Balanced Scorecard Essay Example for Free

Balanced Scorecard EssayRivalry amongst competing firms apple is in the unique situation that it has its own proprietary operating system and only used by orchard apple tree. So although the competition is fierce for customers, it is a different type of battle for Apple than for others such as Samsung, Google or Microsoft. Apple does face stiff competition but it is in the battle for use-case preference. The Android or Windows OS is different than the Apple iOS and consumers make a choice as to which road they are going to go down. Apple is competing for winning this important thought process and decision-making process. They are not competing on hardware solo because Apple alone produces their products with their OS. The competition will continue for easily the foreseeable future, 10 years and beyond, as the world becomes more digitized. Force Moderate Potential Entry of New Competitors The barriers to entry in this constancy are steep. Cost of production is very high for n ew entrants until significant economies of scale are reached.oer the next 10 years there will be m any new entrants into the industry though either brand new, or companies already in similar technology markets that will branch protrude into markets that compete with Apple. Again, that would be a competition for OS preference, not hardware per se. There is always the theory of an entirely new and 4th, or more, operating systems being developed as technology advances. Moores impartiality tells us this is likely but difficult to ascertain from where it will come, whether it will be significantly give way than any existing, and if it will gain wide user acceptance.Force Weak to Moderate Potential education of change products Again, since Apple has its own exclusive OS, substitute products are only a threat as being other choices of entirely different OSs from Microsoft or Android producers, or any other possible future OS development. But Apple does not comport any substitute fo r its own products. Force Weak Bargaining Power of Buyers Apple users tend to stay Apple users. Their subjection is strong and they love Apple products.Apple charges a premium for its products but the image and allure of Apple products and their perceived high quality keep unit sales strong. Although technology economies of scale have certainly been reached in Apple production, they have continued to keep their products priced higher that competing products. Buyer choice based on price alone should affect growth amongst some(prenominal) new customer segments, but will have little effect on the current loyal Apple user base.Unless their products begin to lose some of their luster and appeal and effectiveness, they should remain strong for the future. Force Weak Bargaining Power of Suppliers With Apples exclusive product line and OS and the relatively small number of products, they are not jeopardize by supplier power. Apple can easily find factories more than willing to be a par t of the Apple supply chain. As their products gain more market share and production increases, Apple is in an ideal situation to manage their suppliers effectively.

Economics Commentary - Russian Quota on US Pork and Indian Government Tax on cars Essay Example for Free

Economics Commentary Russian Quota on US Pork and Indian Government Tax on simple machines EssayA quota is a personal limit on the result or value of goods that can be imported into a country. This is wholeness of the few protectionist measures that countries in order to protect their own domestic industries and is a measure that has been taken up by Russia, as seen in the article.Russia has bring down its quota for American pork from 750,000 tonnes to 600,000 tonnes. This is because Russia wishes to become more than self-sufficient in producing pork and thus improve their pork industry. As said in the article, this provide be a big blow to the American producers of pork who already trying to recover from poor demand and prices, as well as high input lives. The prep are of this rivetd quota can be seen in Fig.1 below.As can be seen, the quota has been decreased from QD2-QS2 at a value of 750,000 tonnes to QD3-QS3 at a value of 600,000 tonnes. The deadweight blemish ( represented by the shaded area) has, as a result, increased from ABC to EBD and this is partly where the problem of quotas lies. The shaded area represents the inefficiency of the domestic producers and by decreasing the number of US exports coming in, they are increasing the reliance on domestic producers who whitethorn be more unable in comparison to the American producers.What could be potentially seen is an increased dismission of world efficiency as the domestic producers would produce pork for higher minimum revenue enhancement than the American producers. Furthermore, QD3-QD2 tonnes of pork are not now tucker outd (150,000 tonnes) and this is a reduction in the consumer suraddition, which is the extra utility gained by consumers from paying a price that is lower than that which they are prepared to pay. However, at that place are advantages to the quota for domestic producers.The sign quota allowed domestic producers to give 0-QS1 and QS2-QD2 tonnes of pork at a price of WP+Quota. This quota meant that their revenue had increased but they result see their revenue increased further with the murder of the lower quota. This is because they allow be able to supply 0-QS1, QS2-QD2 and QS3-QD3 at a price of WP+ Decreased Quota. Foreign producers pass on now supply their quota of QS1-QS2 and receive a price of WP+ Decreased Quota. This should usually result in a ensconce in income, which would be evil to the American producers who are already suffering economic difficulties, but in theory this does not move over to be.An alternative option that could be used by the Russian government is a responsibility. This is a tax income that is charged on imported goods would cause the world supply curve to shift upwards because it would be placed on the American producers as opposed to the Russia producers. The effect of a tariff can be seen below. The advantage of a tariff is that whilst the deadweight loss (shaded in red) of caused by the tariff would be the same as the one caused by a quota, the Russian government would receive a revenue equal to C. Furthermore, the revenue of domestic, Russian producers would increase by A+B+C, though the revenue of foreign, American producers will fall by C. However, there will be a fall in consumer surplus by D, delinquent to the extra pork that will not be purchased resulting in a deadweight loss of welfare. However, as give tongue to before, this would be the same if a quota is used.Furthermore, the implementation of a tariff is less likely to lead to the groundwork of a black market. This is because with an import quota there is a chance that there will be bulky shortages of pork. Therefore, criminal organisations would see smuggling pork as a lucrative business chance. However, with a tariff much(prenominal) shortages are unlikely as it does not set a limit on the number of products imported. That existence said, if a tariff is set at an unreasonably high pass judgment then there is still a chance that a black market will open up.Nevertheless every form of protectionism has its disadvantages. Firstly, it leads to less choice for consumers and the lowered competition will see domestic firms become inefficient without any incentive to minimise costs. Moreover, protectionism distorts comparative advantage and this leads to the inefficient use of resources thus leading to reduced specialisation and a reduced potential level of the worlds output. Indeed protectionism could potentially damage economic growth.Indian CAR TAXExternalities occur when the inhalation or production of a good or good has a spillage over effect on a third party. If an outerity is negative, then this spill over effect is in some way harmful. Therefore there has to be an external cost i.e. one that is borne by a third party, to add to the private costs of the producer or consumer in order to calculate the full cost to society.In the article, the negative externalities which are occurring in New Delhi, India stand from traffic congestion and air pollution. Fig.1 below shows the external costs of using cars.As seen in Fig.1, consumers will enjoy some of the private benefits of car live but there will be external costs in the form of air pollution and traffic congestion. Consumers maximise their private utility and consume at the level where MPC=MSC=MPB thus leading to over-consumption of vehicle travel by driving Q25, 000 vehicles at a price of 25,000 rupees. As can be seen in Fig.1, the socially efficient output, i.e. when the full opportunity cost of an extra unit is equal to the value placed by society on its consumption or production, is Q*, as a result there is over-consumption of Q25, 000 to Q*. Furthermore, as a result of MSC being greater than MSB, there is a welfare loss to society. This is an example of market failure.In order to attack the effects of the vehicle use, the Indian government is charging citizens in New Delhi who own more than one car and are implementing a congestion fee. Two-wheelers that cost above 25,000 rupees will be taxed at a rate of four per cent whilst cars priced up to 6 lakh (600,000 rupees) will be increased to the same rate. Those be between 6 and 10 lakh will be charged seven per cent tax. The effect that the increased tax should have on the use of two-wheeled vehicles is seen in Fig.2.As seen in Fig.2, the implementation of a tax will see the MPC curve move upwards to MPC + tax = MSC + tax. This will reduce consumption to the socially efficient output of Q* but the price will increase to 25,000 rupees plus tax. Therefore the government should receive more revenue which could be then used to further articulated lorry the externalities.However, a problem that the Indian government will face is the fact that the demand for vehicle travel may be price inelastic. Therefore, the amount of race who will forgo vehicle travel will be insignificant and the quantity demanded will not fall to the socially efficie nt level. There are alternatives to congestion fees and taxes, with advertising being an example. The Indian government could fund positive advertising for substitute goods such as public transport or bicycles thus decreasing the consumption of vehicle travel.One of the problems with this reply is that the costs may be high and so taxes would have to be in place. Moreover, people may not disturbance about the effects of vehicle travel and will therefore continue with their menstruation mode of travel.Another solution could be for the government to restrict the number of driving licences. This is effectively a quota that would essentially see a decrease in the number of cars on the road. However, the problem of who to allocate these licences to come near and this could prove unpopular. Another alternative solution could be to heavily advertise public transport. This may reduce the number of cars on the road and would therefore see a reduction in the negative externalities created . However, for this to work, people would have to heed the advertisements advice and as it would not be compulsory, people may neither listen nor care to change their method of transportation.Overall, it looks like the Indian governments decision to implement a car tax and congestion fee is the most viable solution because it is less likely to alienate the citizens of New Delhi when compared to curfews and is also more likely to see a decrease in consumption when compared to advertising.

Abnormal Deviation in international exchange Essay Example for Free

Abnormal Deviation in international transposition EssayYou atomic number 18 a Finance Manager at a high society in your city. Your company purchase goods from international markets. You are planning to secure equipment worth AED55 million. You require decided to save the company some money and you hit proposed to command the stand in rate for 5 days at www.xe.com for the currency of the country where you want to corrupt the equipment.You managed to secure two quotations from different suppliers from different countries using different currencies. The equipment is needed in January 2015. Transportation court AED5 million and is paid in here to a UAE transportation company. The balance amount should be apply to purchase the equipment. The transportation of the equipment is agreed to be arriving in UAE on the 5th of January 2015. It takes 3 days to navigate the equipment to UAE. Whatever purchasing you are planning should be done in advance to give way for transporting the equipment.See more Satirical essay about drugsThe foreign supplier has agreed to give you a quotation for the equipment that is valid for 7 days. You want to take advantage of the quoted prices. The Equipment is quoted in both British pounds and in Euros. The Equipment is costing BP860 000 and it is also quoted in EURO 1 090 000. You had a meeting with your CEO and you both agreed to check the market performance of these two currencies and purchase the equipment when it is giving you a competitive advantage.The Activities to doCheck the exchange rate for a period of 5 days and compose a table of comparisons of how much allow for be your Dh50m worth on each of the five days in both Euros and GB pounds. consider the currency you exit use for your achievements. 15 marks direct how much it will cost the company in Dirhams to buy the equipment on the first gear day of supervise the exchange rate. inform the match of your action. 15 marksCalculate how much it will cost the co mpany in Dirhams to buy the equipment on the second day of supervise the exchange rate. Explain the impact of your action. 15 marksCalculate how much it will cost the company in Dirhams to buy the equipment on the deuce-ace day of monitoring the exchange rate. Explain the impact of your action. 15 marksCalculate how much it will cost the company in Dirhams to buy the equipment on the fourth day of monitoring the exchange rate. Explain the impact of your action. 15 marksCalculate how much it will cost the company in Dirhams to buy the equipment on the fifth day of monitoring the exchange rate. Explain the impact of your action. 15 marksWrite a report to support your decision for the transaction you have done. In your recommendation outline what makes your decision the best decision for the company. Consider every day you were monitoring the currencies, as the day you made a decision and purchased that equipment. Was that the best decision and why? 10 marksSolution submit of compari sonConversion of DH to GBP1dh = 0.173796 GDP50,000,000 0.173796GBP = 8,689,800Conversion of DH to EURO1DH = 0.221629 EURO50,000,000 0.221629EURO = 11,081,450 changeDays Value ofEURO(+ 1.44) Change in observe % change Value of POUND (+0.3885) Change in value % change1 11,241,023 159,573 1.44 8,723,516 33,716 0.3882 11,402,894 161,870 1.46 8,757,363 33,747 0.3903 11,567,096 164,202 1.48 8,791,342 33,979 0.3914 11,733,663 166,566 1.50 8,825,452 34,110 0.3935 11,902,627 168,965 1.52 8,859,695 34,243 0.394Will use EURO as my currency in the transactions.Cost of the equipments on the first day in DH.101.44100 1,090,000 = 1,105,6961 DH = 0.2216291,105,696 0.221629= DH 4,988,950.ImpactThe exchange rate create a positive impact in difference in the price of equipment with an add-on of DH 75,300.Cost of the equipments on the second day in DH.Purchases costed = 1,090,000100 + 1.46%= 101.46%101.46100 1,090,000 = 1,105,9141 DH = 0.2216291,105,914 0.221629=DH 4,989,934ImpactThe exchange rate create a positive impact in difference in the price of equipment with an increase of DH 76,284.Cost of the equipment on the third day in DHPurchases costed = 1,090,000101.48100 1,090,000 = 1,106,1321 DH = 0.2216291,106,132 0.221629=DH 4,990,917ImpactThe exchange rate create a positive impact in difference in the price of equipment with an increase of DH 77, 267.Cost of the equipment on the fourth day in DHPurchases costed = 1,090,000101.50100 1,090,000 = 1,106,3501 DH = 0.2216291,106,350 0.221629=DH 4,991,901ImpactThe exchange rate create a positive impact in difference in the price of equipment with an increase of DH 78,251.Cost of the equipment on the fifth day in DHPurchases costed = 1,090,000101.52100 1,090,000 = 1,106,5681 DH = 0.2216291,106,568 0.221629=DH 4,992,885ImpactThe exchange rate create a positive impact in difference in the price of equipment with an increase of DH 79,235.REPORT ON DECISION FOR TRANSACTION FOR PURCHASING EQUIPMENTSThe above transaction was appropriate since it has brought a good comparison betwixt the exchange rate in both quotations AED/EURO.FindingsIt can be observed that by use of this transaction the finance manager can be able to save for the company. The transaction of this equipment will take slight than AED 50 millionsConclusionThis method is best used when carrying out official transaction for example which authorities is involved.RecommendationThis kind of transaction should be encouraged since it help in stabilizing the country currency. We bewilder that the effect of exchange rate behave differently in the five days meaning that in each an everyday the currency get an additional value. It hence strengthens currency.ReferencesThe great Soviet Encyclopidia, 3rd form (1970 1979)emailprotected The gale group, IncCassel Guster (DSecember 1918) Abnormal Deviation in international exchange, 28, No 112. The economic journal. Pp.413 415.UBSS prices and earnings report.Source roll

My holiday in Spain Essay Example for Free

My vacation in Spain EssayI have been to some different holiday places but I have chosen salou because they were many different places to visit and loads of things to do. I went to Spain when I was 14 years old, with my family. I stayed in a hotel c on the wholeed sort salou it had two very large swim pools inside and out. The weather was fabulous and the food was delicious. The first place we visited was the margin. All I could hear was the waves crashing against the agile sandy shore. The sand was golden and warm to walk on people were bathing and doing activities on the beach such as volley ball and jet skiing.The best activity I remember was the banana boat. Then we visited Barcelona zoo, in the zoo was an aquarium there were many varieties of fish and mammals, the ones that I remember the intimately was the huge man eating sharks their big black eyes were like shiny pebbles I could incessantlyyplacely see their razor sharp teeth which were like shards of glass. Th ere was also an aviary full of tropical, gay parrots squawking and fooling around in the trees. Then we approached the reptile house and a collection of primates. Hosting the worlds only albino gorilla. The albino gorilla was the main attraction at Barcelona zoo drawing in many crowds.The next place we visited was the large number Nou stadium football ground, home to Barcelona football club. Barcelona football ground was enormous holding 98,000 spectators. We were allowed to stand on every tier to see how high they were. we were not allowed on the pitch as they were a elflike group training. We because went to the museum to see all the trophies Barcelona had won. I was amazed there was a lot all placed in large glass cabinets. Along side the trophies were every kit Barcelona had worn over the years. There were also footballs with Barcelonas badge on which had been used in big games.The final place we visited was port Ventura a large theme park not far away from salou. It had one of the worlds largest roller coasters, and had many other attractions including shows, large play areas my sister enjoyed. We spent a full day there and didnt get laid to see every attraction. The absolute best part of my holiday was the Barcelona football stadium, without a doubt the sizes was unbelievable. I also enjoyed the museum because I liked looking at the trophies. I couldnt stop looking at the kits and how a good deal they had changed over the years.On the way out we visited the gift shop I bought a Barcelona football and football shirt it was my favourite visit of the holiday salou was one of the most enjoyable holidays I have ever had and a place I would like to visit in the future. indeed . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then . then Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text edition This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous sect ion.

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

The Road Not interpreted by Robert frosting EssayThe act of choosing is one of the most basic, yet complex thought processes of the tender-hearted mind. We humans encounter the action of choosing every single day, it can be as simple as picking out what shoes to wear, or as life altering as deciding to drive an abortion. In modern western culture, citizens have the right of freedom, thus granted independence of survival. This in effect, generates straight-out amount of opportunities and choices to be made. The obvious dilemma here, being which choice is the correct one, and why we pursue to advert this choice. After reading the song The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost, the act of choosing strikes me as the main(prenominal) concept of the poem. The concept of choice is introduced and used throughout the entire poem, in a first mortal narrative style of writing. My interpretation of The Road Not Taken is that Robert Frost delivers a thoughtful flair of expressing a first p erson choice process. He demonstrates just how important choices can be in our lives, done through writing about his decision to travel through a road all over another, and later comes to the conclusion he should have taken the other road.Another important concept Robert Frost puts forward, is that one choice may perhaps lead to another choice by delivering the phrase barely knowing way leads to way in the fourth sentence of the thirds stanza. I therefore believe that the poem can be compared to a gradual experience of a choice made in ones life. Demonstrating how normally one decides to follow a certain path in their life, as it seems the more suitable choice at the point in time. However it may not be the best choice or seem as good as it did in the beginning.

Blogging Digital Media And Society Series Essay Example for Free

Blogging Digital Media And Society Series raiseJill Walker Rettberg new edition Blogging digital media and society series open fire be described as a key book in an emerging field. Blogging has come to be associated as a corner in the current social cyber studies and even more. Blogging is all ab push through the way to daytimes commonplace market-gardening has suit an important element in large magnitude changes in how culture is produced. With her book, Jill inkpad into the deep and broad of blogging to give the proofreader the real meaning of what is involved in blogging as the turn out and driver of a shift in epochal culture (Rettberg, 2014). Jills capability in ensuring that she reaches out to the right audience and puts the points on blogging across is enhanced by visit. Being a prolific blogger her egotism, Jill expends her experience as a blogger in pointing out the various issues to her audience. Jill also utilizes examination which is enhanced by spend of a n experts eye of a communications researcher with experience to reveal the historical, psychological, social and political meaning of the blogging initiative. Borrowing from various disciplines, it is evident of her good understanding on the blogging issue and its impact. The other slopped point in her writing is the fact that she brings and uses various disciplines such as media studies, marketing, ethnology, literary studies, sociology and journalism into an dainty exploratory framework (Rettberg, 2014).Jills book expands blogging into a wider context of the decline in print culture to the emerging trends. The updated and revised edition provides a good study of the now each and every day phenomenon placing it in a theoretical, contemporary and historical context. The use of the most recent of the researches and developments in the blogging knowledge domain is interpreted c be of with an analysis of the new tools for visual blogging and micro blogging (Rettberg, 2014).In the bo ok, Jill demonstratees the changing trends where in the current generation blogs are being integrated into the mainstream social media ecology. This helps to show the reader the direction the blogging element is taking in the formation and continuation of popular culture. Jill notes that the comments and the links from social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook have become more important than netwhole kit and boodle between blogs which was important five years ago. Jill also questions the new trend where there is a shift towards increased corporate control and commercialization of blogs (Rettberg, 2014).The cultural shift has also seen its address of influence from blogging as Jill illustrates using examples. Jill delves into the analysis of how the current smart phones equipped with cameras together with the social media has direct to the shift towards more emphasis on the visual aspects in the blogs with the use of graphics and photographs being in the foreground. J ill puts in a convincing analysis of how blogging together with associate genres have come to change the world of communication and media (Rettberg, 2014).The design of the book is in such a way that each of the chapters is a independent re captivate of areas in blogging which makes the structure repetitive across the work. The book is more suitable for beginners or anyone with an gratify in blogging as Jill puts the chapters in a loose connection to blogging. Though Jill has borrowed from many disciplines to help the reader in understanding the different aspects of blogging, there is some diversion, however when the reciprocation shifts from blogging as a phenomenon into the related and convergent forms like the social networking sites. There are lengthy discussions of the various sites such as MySpace and Facebook which though put with the right intention in mind, they do not achieve this as there is no clear elaboration to the reader how this relates to the overall topics (Re ttberg, 2014).Walkers work begins by tackling the question of what a blog is. She starts with an introduction to the history of online text based communication. She then moves on to the development of blogging tools such as Blogger. Walker develops a shred understanding of material aspects in blogging. An raiseing section also discusses blogs as genre and medium which is a distinction that is not addressed directly most of the time. In From Bards to Blogs, Walter takes the discussion on the blogging place within media culture and the shift from one-to- many towards many-to- many. Walter positions the internet as a counterpoint to Platos complaint of a written text being unresponsive. Walker shares the view that there is potency for interactivity between authors of blog posts, the blog post itself and the reader in blog comments (Rettberg, 2014).Also of particular interest is the chapter Citizen Journalist? where Walker puts her focus on the three ways in which blogging intersects with traditional journalism. There are bloggers acting as journalists, the bloggers who report on mainstream media and the bloggers giving first-hand reports on ongoing events. Walker goes ahead to discuss bloggers as the chance to witness big historical events. Her example of Kaye D. Trammell account on Hurricane Katrina is meant to show how blogs can be used as sources of information by both the public and mass media however understudied. This is an passageway that can be used for future works in blogging (Rettberg, 2014).Walker also discusses how blogs have spread out to various forms of narratives in Blogs as narratives She gives an account of the three forms of narratives namely the goal-oriented narrative, ongoing narration and fragmented narratives. In the same chapter she evaluates the ways in which blogs can be used as a means of self exploration with one discovering their strengths and what they can do best to contribute to the society (Rettberg, 2014).Walker finishes th e book discharge with a review of the future of blogs and the future of social media. In the chapter, Walker also touches on the use of language, privacy government access and control each of which one gets the feeling that they could be well cover in a different book each on its own. An addition of some scholarly works using quantitative methods would have added some balance to the various discussions such as the one on protypical blog and blogger. Another limitation in Walkers book is that there is a microscopical number of scholarly works cited on bloggers and blogging (Rettberg, 2014).In general Walker provides a popular view on blogging culture and blogs and steers away from in-depth analysis and critical discussion. The text however is a good former resource for both non-academic and academic audiences (Rettberg, 2014).ReferenceRettberg, J. W. (2014).Blogging.Source document

Traffic congestion Essay Example for Free

Traffic congestion EssayIntroduction Traffic congestion is ane of the most compelling global problems especially in developed cities. London is among those cities which suffer from the traffic problems. accord to the London city council, Londons population was 8. 17 million in 2011. By the year 2011, every snow sight in London owns 60-65 personal gondolas, which means cars have been the prior transportation tools for local people (Blythe, 2005). Frequently using cars as vehicle contributes to the traffic problems. As the rapid growth of population, the rate of car ownership would sieve to a higher level hich is a thoroughgoing(a) test to the environment. According to Hickman et al (2010), Approximately 25% of carbon dioxide(C02) emissions is contributed by transport tools. Obviously, traffic problem is a magnificent pose of the environmental damage. Although some relevant policy has been implemented to reduce the congestion, traffic problems still exist crosswise the cap ital with the growth of population and employment. (Transport Committee, 2008) According to Transport Committee (2008), Londons traffic speeds are below intermediate speeds of global cities such as New York nd Singapore.Meanwhile, the population and the demands of Jobs in London are predicted to reach to a high level by 2025. The location of the additional Job will force a large number of people to go through the city at peak hours, which is a severe challenge to the local traffic situation. (Transport Committee, 2008) Thus, light rail transit systems (LRT) could be the ideal solution to traffic problem. However, the high cost might limit the scale of this method. Electronic toll collection system (ETC) is regarded as another option with relatively low cost.

Critical thinking Essay Example for Free

Critical thinking EssayAuthor suggests that all students must match to respect another(prenominal)s and tolerate the differences between them. One important thing she stressed is that all students must foster with each other in dissimilar tasks instead of being competitive. Keeping positive and cooperative bearing can resolve several problems. There be some benefits when training in cooperation with each other. base learning can have many advantages. Students can help each other in unlike tasks and they can learn from each other.Her take is full of fun, extracurricular activities, learning classes and other training activities. Students purport fall apart in different extra curricular activities. The school has different sports clubs, broadcasting clubs, speech clubs, contests, and other clubs of different cultural background. Teachers and all students participate in different sports like volleyball, basketball, tennis, hockey, soccer, baseball. It is not only the go under where students be trained, but many other programs ar also used to well-balance their creative activities.In addition, school also includes many tripping activities to different countries. In addition, she suggests that on weekly basis different donnish lectures must be conducted by various scholars in order to expand the knowledge of students. Big libraries are in that respect and each student is encouraged to participate in reading stuff. Regular reading and penning is an important part of students learning process. These practices can sharpen their creativity and critical thinking.The mark of the school is to impart knowledge at equal level. The informational objective is to make students practical in their lives, who can help out their nation and work to be a useful candidate. Educational policies are designed very carefully to provide students with standard education and training. Each student after canvass from here must understand and develop their own indivi duality and strengthen their aesthetic believes. Environment is liberal and firm relationship can be developed between classmates and teachers. both week tests are conducted to survey achievement of each student. Many other test taking skills programs are used to improve performance of students. In addition, other behavioral tests are done to improve students personality. All lessons and tests are highly competent and prepare the student for future studies. Training and teaching in 3rd tally also prepares them for senior high school. Students have the facility to exercise and participate in the daily activities every in the morning or after school.Students are also encouraged to fully take part in social life to become a useful individual. all(prenominal) student is advised for safe health practice and hygiene to lead a healthy life. Other activities in school education must include fine arts, painting, tea party, flower arrangement, broadcasting etc. There are many other grou p activities to encourage students for friendly attitude, social behavior and group working. By performing various creative works they know how to work independently and responsible for various jobs.Every month there is meeting with parents to let them know their childrens performance at school. The environment of the school is very beauteous and attractive. All facilities are comfortable and fully air conditioned. The overall environment for learning is very good. Every classroom is very spacious with wide windows through which air and light can pass easily. Every student enjoys the learning environment and school life. Positive attitude among students can greatly improve learning environment. Her advice to students is exclusive and practical.

Diseases Affecting the Geriatric Population: Bibliography

Diseases Affecting the Geriatric commonwealth Bibliography Literature go over Lourdu jafrin , Venkata Naveen Kumar .P, Udaya laxmi .T Jayapriya. B et.al performed a 2 months cross-sectional, Unicentric observational get entitle do doses employ pattern of geriatric patients in the medical department of third burster infirmary and it was published in international journal of pharmacy and life sciences in 2013. This query has shown the chronic nature of diseases affecting the geriatric population most commonly the respiratory diseases and rightly increasing the trend of deriphyllin medicine utilization.Vandana A badar, Sanjay Kumar. B navale performed a prospective get hold of for a occlusive of 6 months from may 2010 dec 2010 titled information of prescribing pattern of anti microbic agents in medicament ICU of a teaching hospital in central India and was published in JAPI , April 2012.the main objective of the cartoon is to evaluate the utilization of anti- microbials . They found that transmitting was the major reason for the usage of anti microbial therapy .Author revealed that the drug cefotaxime was most commonly employment in MICU by abtaboo 32% followed by metronidazole 24% , ampicillin 17- 29%. mull over too showed the rationality of drug usage by about 30% which was evaluated by analysing the prescriptions. From this charter authors cogitate that the medical fraternity needs to understand the importance of antibiotic drugs. An international programme may be a useful initiative to reduce antibiotic use.Prakash katakam , Abdul baset A. Elfituri, Zaidoon H. Ramadoan , Osama g. Abadi performed a cross- sectional retrospective study for a stay of 15 months in Libya titled A retrospective study on antibiotic use in dissimilar clinical departments of a teaching hospital in zawiya , Libya and it was published in Ibnosina journal of medicine and biomedical sciences in 2012. An interesting observation was that increase in the antibiotic consumption which was expressed as DDD/ 10000 inhabitants / day especially AMOX (Amoxicillin+ Clavulanicacid) had been observed from 2008-2009 when compared to other antibiotics rightly for the indication of respiratory diseases. Study reveals that out of 100 subjects only 6 have undergone microbial horticulture investigations. From this study authors decide that before macrocosm of the treatment, a lively need for microbial investigation is essential.Jeevangi. SR, Patil. RB, Manjunath et al. performed a 15 months prospective cross-sectional study in Gulbarga titled drug utilization study in a trauma care social unit of a tertiary care hospital and it was published in journal of clinical and diagnostic research in 2010. In his study the author used the who drug use index i.e.., prescribing indicator which brush off be known by calculating the total tot of drugs per encounter and observed that newer anti- microbial and proton inwardness inhibitors are prescri turn in mu ch. The study reveals that poly pharmacy was found to be high and the generic is low. An increase in the number of drugs per prescription in the TCU was gradually increased from the day of admission when compared to previous records. The study conclude that usage of drugs in TCU were in accordance with standard treatment guidelines. Hence the authors reveals that by the results of the study in that location is a considerable scope for improving the prescribing habits according to rational drug use.Sahar I, Al. Niemat, Diana T.bloukh, Manal D. Al. Harasis et.al performed a retrospective study for a period of 3 months from May 2007- July 2007 in 5 hospital centres in KHMC titled drug use evaluation of antibiotics prescribed in a Jordanian hospital out- patient and emergency clinics victimisation who prescribing indicators and it was published in Saudi med J 2008. The authors used the who prescribing indicators for the evaluation of prescriptions taken from the out patients settings . The study reveals that the dowry of antibiotics was more when compared with the total number of encounters surveyed. Also states that the antibiotic categories rightly penicillins( especially amoxicillin) and quinolones ( especially ciprofloxacil, norfloxacin) were prescribed. He authors conclude that the prescribing pattern of antibiotics was very high . so requirement of continuing medical education programme may be needed.Hillary o. Odo, Sunday o.Olotu , Imafidon o.Agbonile, Peter o.esan , Bawa o. James performed a retrospective descriptive study from a review of out- patient prescriptions between sept 2007and Aug 2012 in a regional psychiatric hospital, Nigeria and it was published in chronicle of pharmacy practice in 2013. DDD/ 1000 inhabitants/day was calculated to evaluate the pattern of drug utilization. The results of the study showed that the drug Halopridol accounted the highest drug utilization with a DDD /100inhabitants / day of 5 followed by amitriptylline, benhexo l , trifluperazine. The authors concluded that the prescribing pattern of antibiotics were non in accordance with the who guidelines and observation of polypharmacy either haloperidol accounts more often.Praveen KG, Arun K performed a prospective study for a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital titled drug utilization and evaluation of HMG- co A reductase inhibitors in tertiary care hospital and it was published in Indian journal of pharmacy practice in 2013. The study used the methodology of DDD/12 bed days to evaluate the drug utilization of statins. Present study shown that statins are more prescribed for sundry(a) indications like primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. The authors from the study concluded that dosage units for atorvastatin were nearer to the who recommended dose where as variation is observed in case of simvastatin and rosuvastatin.Sutharson L, Hariharan R.S, Vam sadhara C performed a 4 months prospective cross- sectional study in a tertiary hospital , Chennai titled drug utilization study in a diabetalogy out patient setting of a tertiary hospital and it was published in Indian journal of pharmacology in 2003. Who drug use indicators and DDD were used in the methodology to evaluate the drug utilization. The study reveals that more utilization of sulfonyl ureas was observed when compared to biguanides. The authors concluded that the total number of drugs prescribed in generic is high and incidence of polypharmacy is low. Hence some of the interventional measures may be vital in promoting the patient education and knowledge .James M Hutchinson, David M Patrick , Fawziah Marra et al . posited a newspaper titled measurement of antibiotic consumption A Practical guide to the use of the ATC and DDD system methodology in Canada and it was published in Can J Infect Dis in 2004. The impersonateed paper provides a pragmatical advice on the use of ATC and DDD classification system for evaluating the prescribing pattern of antibiotics. The authors concluded that initiation of drug utilization funding procedure may stimulate interest in measurement and display of antibiotic consumption.Hamdi Sozen, Ibak gonen, Ayse Sozen et al. Performed a show up prevalence study on july 19 , 2011 in a general hospital , turkey titled Application of ATC and DDD methodology to evaluate antibiotic use in a general hospital in turkey and it was published in Annals of clinical microbiology and anti microbials in 2013. The results of the study showed that the rational use of antibiotics were identified with appropriate indication for prophylaxis and treatment. The authors concluded that the hospitals should implement their own principles of antibiotic use to decrease the microbial resistance and economic consequences too.Mahendra K Patel , Manish J Barvaliya , Tejas K patel , CB Tripathi performed a retrospective study between 2008 and dec 2010 in takhtsinhji general hospital , Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India titled drug utilization pattern in critical care unit in a tertiary care teaching hospital in india and it was published in transnational Journal of critical illness and injury science in 2013. The case papers were analyzed for demographic variables, indications, duration of critical care unit stay and usage of anti microbials were evaluated based on culture report. In the study DDD/100 bed days were calculated to evaluate the drug utilization and also cost of the drugs from Indian drug review (2010). The study results showed DDD/100 bed days was more in case of total drug utilization in the anti- microbials which were prescribed without culture report , more economic burden is seen in expired patients and incidence of polypharmacy is a major problem in ccu.Shankar PR, upadhyay DK, Subish P, Bhandari RB, Das B performed an observational study from a period of June2005-May 2006 in a teaching hospital in westerly Nep al titled Drug utilization among older patients in a teaching hospital in westerly hospital and it was published in Singapore Med J in 2010. The author uses the drug use indicator DDD/ 100 bed days. For the evaluation of drug use in the hospital. In the present study canonical demographic information of older patients , microbial report, drug utilization pattern and cost of the drugs were include. The study reveals that average number of drugs consumed by each patient was tends to be high i.e.., (7.73). The authors concluded that incidence of parenteral formulations arises a common problem. Authors also suggested that in that respect must be an initiation of guidelines for the usage of drugs in elderly patients.Khavane.K, Addepalli.V, Bhusare.K,Payghan S.A, Patweakar.S,Kate.V performed a 6 months prospective study at the saifee hospital , charni road , Mumbai titled prescribing patterns of antibiotics and sensitivity patterns of micro organisms towards different antibiotics in multi disciplinary health care hospital and it was published in International Journal of pharmaceutical and biological archives in 2010. The study was carried over by collecting the patient demographic details, antibiotic information, microbial culture sensitivity test .The present study showed the process of interpretation of results. The authors concluded that there must be requirement of formulation of a policy for antibiotic use, obtaining the culture and sensitivity reports must be quickened, avoidance of continued or over usage of antibiotic for a longer period of time.Patil P.H, Kuchake V.G, KumarAjay, Dighore Pitambar,Surana S.J performed a 5 months prospective study in inpatient department of tertiary care hospital titled evaluation of drug utilization especially anti- microbial agents in inpatient department of tertiary care hospital and it was published in International Journal of community pharmacy in 2009.In the present study patient demographic information, antibi otic consumption for empirical and surgical prophylaxis , microbial culture reports were included and the data were analyzed in a simple percentage manner. Based on the results authors concluded that more number of prescriptions containing antibiotics were observed and there are no gold standard methods for the usage of antibiotics. Authors also suggested that an antibiotic order form must be prepared and implemented for achieving the rational use of drug .Ulla-Maija Rautakorpi, Soija Huikko, Pekka Honkanen et.al.. performed a 5 year follow up study titled The anti- microbial treatment strategies (MIKSTRA) program A 5yr follow up of infection specific antibiotic use in primary health care and the effect of implantation of treatment guidelines and it published in clinical infectious diseases in 2006. In the present study data were collected from various health care centres and the national guidelines were published during the study period. macrocosm of interventional programmes we re done by the local trainers. Based on the results concluded that because of multifaceted intervention, a qualitative receipts in the drug use is observed.

Network Rail Quality Improvement

Network Rail prime(a) cash advanceIn simple terms, an presidency shag be illustrated as a constitutionatic some(prenominal)y structured and constructed amicable unit of people who argon managed with the coach of come across a specific strike or to follow up on collective goals. It is an observable yet concrete tie of individuals convoluted in collective activities for the achievement of rough-cut goals and accusatorys. Within this view, a religious do organisation may be best set as an association of organised for their coordination, pass along of whom extend to the worldly concern. This assignment will discuss management of spirit with valuate to service tar in a service organisation.In the current scenario, globalisation has exerted pressure on governments completely over the world to incorporate the ideal of minimum standards in every case of organisational management. This implies both in the field of human rights and other aspects of good management suc h as delivery of public services (Shadrach and Ekeanyanwu, 2003). unrivaled such organisation involved in service delivery in the UK is the Network Rail, diligent in public transportation. Network Rails commitment to its customers has been concentrateed over years through their efforts to depart trains safely, punctually as hygienic as reliably. Britains rail infrastructure was en self-relianceed to Network rail, almost a decennary ago, with the objectives of meliorate feel, safety, reliability and efficiency of the railway. Since then, a massive, owned programme for renewing track, signals, power and telecom equipment was run by the Network Rail with the support of Government, thereof striving hard to restore the public faith in the safety and punctuality of the railway profitss in the UK. Emphasis was placed on predict and counteract appeal, rather than find and fix and this shootd new standardised ways of working on the background of technological support. Equal i mportance had to be attached to investing in their chance holders in coif to sustain the developments and success.Stakeholders may be illustrated as an individual, group of people or an organisation having direct or indirect responsibility and stake in an organisation as it can affect or be affected by the organisations actions, goals and policies. The stake holders of Network Rail consist of two intends of people. These include industry members and public members. Industry members comprise mainly of train operators, while public members implies people drawn from a span section of the community who represent the public interest (Network, 2003). In addition, a third member, often referred to as the Special member has been added to the list of stake holders. This is the Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) of the UK. In companionship to interdict the control of national rail infrastructure companies by train operating companies, industry members are make minority of the total stake holders, whereas public members make up the vast majority.According to terms of network license of the Network Rail, stake holders are viewed as any soulfulness providing services relating to the railways any person providing a railway facility or network, including one which is proposed for, or in the course of construction any founder or any person who has provided in writing to the licence holder a credibleness to provide finance for service relating to railways The Railway Passengers Council and The London expatriation users committee and The Mayor of London and acquit for London, in respect for their services and functions relating to the railway services (Network Rail, 2004). The main funding bodies include Passenger Transport Executives, bodies who provide one off funding like local authority, Assembly Government, Transport Scotland and other regional bodies. Whether funding railway services or providing services or providing services and facilities, these stake holders rely on the Network Rail to realise their aspirations. Their primary expectation from this service delivery organisation is provision of highest lineament of service, with an assurance of transparency in every action. This requires clear communication and streamlining of objectives and expectations through good relationship amid the organisation and the stakeholders.Quality may be broadly viewed as a magnitude of excellence (Shiba et al, 1993). there are several dimensions of pure tone which determine the design of calibre. One of these dimensions is the conformance to specifications which is determined by designers of the crop or service. This relates to how well the service or the merchandise brings the target. The other dimensions include fitness for the use jimmy for price paid, support services and psychological criteria. While fitness for use measures bring aboutance of the crop or the effectiveness of the service, value for price paid focuses on the usefulness of t he service or the harvest-home with respect to the amount of money spent. Judgement of a harvesting or service is made on the solid ground of support services, which determines the reference since the concept of reference is not confined to the product or service alone. It applies to the people, processes involved and the associated organisational environment. On the other hand, psychological criteria present a more subjective definition to the concept of timbre since it focuses on the critical evaluation of the constitution of the product or service. Such an evaluation is influenced by many another(prenominal) factors such as environmental factors, the prestige of the product as perceived by the customers (Reid and Sanders, 2003). Whether in product manufacture or in service delivery, look and performance of the organisation affect stake holders.The concept of quality has currently obtained priority in most of the organisations, including those involved in product manufactu re as well as those link up to service delivery, since they have realised the damage of poor quality. The most ominous consequence of poor quality is the creation of dissatisfied customers, expiry of money invested and eventually loss of business. The cost consequences of poor quality may be broadly classified under internal harm be and external failure costs. Internal failure costs are related to the identification of poor quality of service or product before it reaches the customer. This may include the correction of the defect or rework. This overly includes material losses and the cost of labour and machine. On the other hand, external failure costs are linked to the problems with quality after the product or service reaches the customer. This may result in the loss of faith and loyalty of customers. This can eventually lead to customer loss (Reid and Sanders, 2005) and loss of business. With the aim of clashing the expectations of stake holders and ensuring the quality of service, the Network Rail has adopted a write in code of convention (Network Rail, 2004). Through this code of practice, the Network Rail responds to the requests of stake holders quickly and appropriately, thus listening and taking into account their views. Code of practice acts as a promise to act fairly, treating all stake holders equally and consistently without any discrimination, to assemble contacts and allocate with managers with adequate expertise for providing indispensable service and to provide cop, accurate and current information to the stake holders. This code of practice also attempts to resolve any enquiries, concerns or complaints without delay, thereby enhancing quality of service. These would also secure the satisfaction of the stake holders, which is essential for the sustained development of the organisation.Garvin (1988) suggested five principal approaches towards makeing quality and its related aspects. The transcendent approach views quality as a c oncept which is timeless that transcends changes in tastes or preferences, thus making quality absolute and universally recognisable. Product based view, however, suggests that quality is measurable and hence precise. On the other hand, user based definitions are based on the view that quality is more or less a subjective phenomenon. The need and wants of customers are satisfied through services or products having highest quality. another(prenominal) approach to understand quality is the manufacture based view which places emphasis on the supply aspect, refer with the manufacturing and designing practices. The nett approach is value based view that adopts the ideas of other approaches, evaluating whether the product or service provide conformance to requirements at a reasonable price (Galvin, 1988). However it must(prenominal) be remembered that the concept of quality differs when considering service delivery and product manufacture. According to Reid and Sanders (2005), organisa tions involved in product manufacture assign products which can be seen, touched and measured. Thus, quality definitions with respect to product manufacture generally places emphasises on product features which are tangible. These definitions include conformance on the magnitude to which the product features meet the standards set by the organisation and the public, performance on the effectiveness of the functioning of the product reliability or the expectations of the product to function without failure and serviceability which implies how easily the product can be repaired or fixed. A complete contrast to this approach is the concept of quality in terms of service delivery. This difference rises out of the intangible nature of the product produced by service organisations. On the contrary, these can only be experienced. Hence, quality in service delivery is based on perceptions including responsiveness to customer needs, contrary and approach of supply, atmosphere and the promp tness in solvent issues and complaints (Reid and Sanders, 2005).ISO 8402 (1994) defined quality management as All activities of the overall management that determine the quality policy, objectives and responsibilities, and follow up them by means such as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality advancement within the quality system. Quality management is ensured through ceaseless return, also called Kaizen, which encourages organisations to strive straightly to perform better through learning and problem solving. straight improvement maybe described as a quality philosophy that places emphasis on going efforts to seek improvements in products, services on processes, with the aim of enhancing quality and decreasing waste (Mc Kee, 2009). It requires an organisation to constantly measure the effectiveness of its performance and strive to meet more difficult challenges and objectives to satisfy stake holders and customers. It is the belief that further impr ovements are always possible, thus supporting continuous evaluation of processes and implementation of improvements. No matter how satisfactory the present state of an organisation is, Kaizen is founded in the concept of dissatisfaction with the statuesque, which is necessary to ensure continuous improvement in every aspect.Foundation of improvement is build on the quality standards, which have to be set and monitored in every organisation. According to Shiba et al (1993), quality is let oned by making a comparison of output of an organisation and the specifications through calibration, statistical quality control and inspection. Standardisation refers to a series of action taken for the product and process to be distinctly identified. Benchmarking is another tool to measure and monitor the degree of improvement. An improvement part of continuous is the ability to figure and study how other organisations perform. Benchmarking, according to Reid and Sanders (2005), is the proces s of studying the performance and practices of other organisations which are considered the best for the drive of comparison. In order to enable organisations to objectively document their quality practices around the world, the need for universal standards were accepted as necessary. This led to the creation of International Organisation for Standardisation, whose objective is to establish an agreement on planetary quality standards. The ISO 9000 2000 Quality oversight Systems- Fundamentals and Standards provides a basis for understanding the system of standards. This standard set by ISO provides the terminology and specific definitions used in the standards. The standards used for the certification of an organisations quality management system is the ISO 9000 2000 Quality perplexity Systems- Requirements. The guidelines for establishing a quality management system is given by ISO 9000 2000 Quality Management Systems- Guidelines for Performance. These standards focus on meetin g the customer requirements as well as on continuous improvement.Continuous improvement is an essential aspect in service delivery, especially in the part of organisations like subject Rail, which are involved in public transport. Studies have revealed the sad state of public transport. Five case studies of bad customer service were examined by Dale et al in 2001. Zeithaml et al (1990) identified the four components of the spreadhead between the expectations of the customers and the stake holders and the perception of the actual service by the customers and the stake holders. The understanding gap occurs ordinarily when the management fails to perceive the expectations of stake holders and customers accurately. Design gap occurs when the management is unable to specify and design a service accordingly to their understanding of the stakeholders and customers. Due to the shortage of resources, lack of commitment, inadequate quality control or inadequate training, there might be a failure in the delivery of what is specified and this is recognised as a service delivery gap. A communication gap, on the other hand, occurs when what is specified and what is delivered are not accurately publicised. Several studies have identified these gaps in service delivery organisation and these points to the need for continuous improvement in these organisations. This could in turn improve the quality of services, enhance the loyalty and trust placed by customers as well as stake holders on organisations, improve retention of staff and ensure satisfaction of stakeholders and customers.Several methods have been identified for the implementation of continuous improvement or Kaizen. One of the most popular systems this genre is Total Quality Management According to Tague (2005), Total Quality Management (TQM) can be described as any quality management system that makes an effort to traverse all areas of an organisation, emphasizing customer satisfaction and using continuous im provement methods and tools. TQM focuses on the identification of the composition causes of quality defects and problems and correcting these at the source. It emphasis that quality is customer driven. TQM encompasses the organisation as a whole, attempting to embed quality in every single aspect of the organisation. Not only does it include the technical aspects of quality, but it is bear on with the involvement of people in quality including stakeholders (Reid and Sanders, 2005), thus making it an important method to ensure continuous improvement in service delivery organisations like Network Rail. The most prominent feature of TQM is the organisations focus on stakeholders including customers. This philosophy defines quality as meeting and exceeding the expectations of stakeholders, including customers. Thus the first and foremost objective of organisation adopting TQM will be the identified of needs of customers and stakeholders after which these have to be met appropriately. This will require continuous gathering of information. Berry (1991) suggested that TQM process is a total corporate emphasis on meeting and exceeding expectations of customers while significantly decreasing costs resulting from poor quality by adopting a romance management system and corporate culture. Dahlgaard et al., (1998) views TQM as a way of managing an organisation or an green light towards achieving complete excellence. The principles of TQM encompass numerous elements including management leadership and commitment, involvement of employees, continuous improvement, and supplier partnership and so on. Shea and Gobeli (1995) identified the motives behind the adoption of TQM by organisations management philosophy and belief in the principle of stakeholder as well as customer satisfaction and employee empowerment, competitive nature arising out of the changing expectations of customers even for those organisations which are playacting well and to improve poor performance of organisations which are not performing well in order to ensure survival.The seven QC tools were brought to organisational attention by Ishikawa, the Father of Quality Circles. His original seven tools included cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, Shewharts control charts, histograms, Pareto chart, Scatter diagram and Stratification or Flowchart. Quality Function Deployment (QFD), the Baldrige Award, Six Sigma, theory of constraints and magnetic dip manufacturing are the new tools or revitalisation and replacing of previous concepts and tools. Implementation and effectiveness are often assessed using PDSA cycle.All these approaches are astonishingly compatible with one another and hence several enterprise are combining these tools for the successful implementation of continuous improvement since ISO 9000 focuses on consistency through standardisation it can be used by organisations to create a foundation for the development of continuous improvement through Six Sigma and Lean whic h focuses on quality through elimination of defects and speed and efficiency by elimination of waste respectively. The criteria set by MBNQA can act as a support and focussing for the senior management for the development and establishment of organisational systems and culture that support continuous improvement (Reid and Sanders, 2005). QFD, Total Quality Management, Theory of Constraints and Synchronous flow can be utilised to understand the wants and needs of customers while improving every phase involved in the process focussing particularly on the slowest phase. These approaches can be integrated with bench marking and other approaches of standardisation to evaluate the quality of service or product and to encourage continuous improvement within the organisation irrespective of present state. However, it must be noted that each of these approaches should be selected on the basis of requirement of the organisation (Tague, 2005).For organisations, including those involved in pro duct manufacture and service delivery, an important approach that help with continuous improvement is the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle which illustrates never last process of continuous improvement in its circular nature. The first step in this process is to plan, where the managers must evaluate and document the current system and develop plans based on the defects detected. The next step in PDSA cycle is the implementation of the plan (Do), during which the managers must collect adequate data for evaluation and document all changes made. Studying the data collected constitute the third step. On the basis of first three phases the final phase require the managers to act and the whole process is repeated (Reid and Sanders, 2005).Success of continuous improvement approaches depends upon team up approach. Quality must be viewed as an organisational effort. This may be achieved through techniques such as quality control tools, group discussions, and brain storming and so on. There for time must be set parenthesis for team meetings. Importance must also be given to measures for employee empowerment to seek out qualities and restore them, through workshops, employee educations and good communication. All these depend upon leadership and management structure of the organisation. Successful implementation of continuous improvement processes also requires effective workplace relationships and understanding of wants and needs of stake holders and customers. Adoption of these aspects is essential for the sustain success and development of organisations like Network Rail.This assignment, thus, has attempted to study the influence of stake holders on organisation. Examining the aspect of quality improvement in Network Rail this assignment discuss the various approaches for improving quality in service delivery. It can be concluded that for ensuring a sustained development and benefit to organisations it is necessary to ensure that all improvements made satisfy all t he stake holders. It has to be remembered that the ultimate goal of quality management is to satisfy the needs of stake holders including customers. Teamwork , effective leadership and communication within the organisation and efforts to understand the changing needs and wants of stakeholders and customers are the essential ingredients for the successful implementation of such a venture